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1/4 Karshapana - Indramitra

Issuer Panchala Kingdom
Year 45-65
Type Standard circulation coin
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Reverse description Plain or near-plain reverse with faint residual marks, consistent with the cast production technique employed for Panchala copper fractions of this period. The surface is heavily patinated and shows irregular die wear, with no clearly legible device or inscription discernible. The rough, granular texture of the flan is typical of small-denomination copper issues of the early Panchala series attributed to the reign of Indramitra.
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Mintage ND (45-65)
Additional information

Indramitra's precise position within the Panchala succession remains contested among scholars, with the dynasty's chronology still being reconstructed from punch-marked and cast coinage rather than any surviving textual record. The Panchalas of this period were navigating the political fragmentation that followed Kushana expansion into the northwestern subcontinent, and their small copper fractional issues are among the few material traces confirming their continued local authority during that pressure.

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