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1 Para - Mahmud II

Issuer Tripoli, Regency of
Year 1833
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Composition Copper
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Obverse script Arabic
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Reverse description Central field inscribed with the Arabic mint formula indicating the regnal year and place of striking, with the numeral 25 denoting the regnal year of Sultan Mahmud II above the mint name. A decorative border of repeated lozenge or pellet motifs frames the periphery of the flan. The legend 'Struck in Tripoli West' identifies the issuing mint of the Regency of Tripolitania. The overall execution is characteristic of the irregular, locally produced coinage of the Ottoman provincial mints of the early nineteenth century.
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By 1833, the Regency of Tripoli was operating under increasingly fractured Ottoman authority — the Karamanli dynasty, which had governed the province semi-autonomously since 1711, was in its death throes following years of civil war and a naval blockade by European powers pressing debt claims. This copper para was struck just one year before the Ottomans reasserted direct control in 1835, ending Karamanli rule entirely and abolishing the local mint. Coins from these final years of the Regency are consequently scarce, produced in a treasury under financial siege.

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