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1 Penning
| Issuer | Norway |
|---|---|
| Year | 1065-1080 |
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| Currency | Penning (995-1387) |
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| Obverse description | Helmeted royal effigy facing left, depicted holding a sceptre grasped with both hands. The bust is rendered in a crude, stylized manner characteristic of Scandinavian hammered coinage of the late 11th century. The central design is encircled by an entangled or retrograde inscription in the field, a hallmark of Viking-Age Norwegian penny production. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Struck under Olav Kyrre, whose reign after the catastrophic Norwegian defeat at Stamford Bridge in 1066 marked a deliberate pivot away from Viking-age expansionism toward continental European political norms. Kyrre's coinage reform drew heavily on Anglo-Saxon penny types, a direct consequence of Norway's long monetary entanglement with England — Norwegian mints had been producing Anglo-Saxon-influenced coins since the reign of Olav Haraldsson decades earlier.
Skaare 22 is among the more precisely attributed types from this reign, though die-linking across Kyrre's issues remains an active area of study given the limited number of surviving specimens.