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1 Penning - Harald Hardråde
| Issuer | Norway |
|---|---|
| Year | 1047-1066 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Penning |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Log in to see details |
| Orientation | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Reverse description | A voided or outlined cross with arms extending toward a central inner circle, dividing the reverse field into four quarters. Three pellets are placed in the upper-left quarter and three pellets in the lower-right quarter, creating a distinctive decorative arrangement. The cross composition is contained within a linear circle. An uncial legend surrounding the design names the mint master and the mint of Nidaros (modern Trondheim), reflecting the practice of attributing responsibility for coin production to named moneyers. |
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| Additional information |
Harald Sigurdsson — Harald Hardråde, "Hard Ruler" — seized the Norwegian throne in 1047 after seventeen years of mercenary service, much of it as a Varangian Guard officer in Byzantium. The silver pennings struck under his name represent Norway's earliest indigenous coinage, modeled loosely on contemporary Anglo-Saxon penny types, almost certainly because English moneyers were imported to establish the mint. Harald died at Stamford Bridge in September 1066, three weeks before Hastings — making his coinage output span exactly the nineteen years of his reign, no more.