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1 Peso Estado Libre y Soberano de Mexico
| Issuer | Estado Libre y Soberano de Mexico (Free and Sovereign State of Mexico) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1915 |
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| In circulation to | 15 October 1915 |
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| Obverse description | Brown letterpress print on plain paper, Serie A. Central vignette presents the Monumento a Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla in Toluca, a sculptural work attributed to Joaquín Solachi Monroy and José María Monroy Briceño, set within a simply framed composition. Denomination and issuing authority inscriptions are arranged above and below the central vignette. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | E. LIBRE Y SOBERANO DE MEXICO El jefe del departamento de caja pa gara al portador en Toluca o en las oficinas Recaudadoras del Estado. UN PESO (Translation: The Free and Sovereign State of Mexico The head of the cash department will pay the bearer in Toluca or at the State Collection offices. One Peso) |
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| Comments |
During the Mexican Revolution, several individual states issued their own paper currency when the federal monetary system effectively collapsed. Sonora, Chihuahua, Oaxaca, and others all printed their own notes — this Jalisco issue being among them. The "Free and Sovereign State" designation was not rhetorical flourish; it reflected genuine political fragmentation under which governors held real autonomous authority over finances, armies, and supply lines.
1915 was the peak year of this proliferation, and many state issues were repudiated within months of printing as Carrancista forces consolidated control and imposed a unified currency policy. Notes from this series that show actual circulation wear are often more credible than uncirculated examples, given how many were printed for propaganda or emergency use and never genuinely spent.