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10 000 Australes

Issuer Provincia de Tucumán
Year 1990-1991
Type Local banknote
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Obverse description Central vignette of the Casa Histórica de Tucumán (House of Independence) rendered in fine intaglio engraving, set against a light guilloche underprint. The denomination 'DIEZ MIL AUSTRALES' appears in large letterpress along the right margin, with 'A10.000' in bold numerals at the lower left. Series letter, serial number, and two manuscript signatures — those of the Ministro de Economía and the Gobernador — are present, with the motto 'CUNA DE LA INDEPENDENCIA' at the lower centre.
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Reverse lettering PROVINCIA DE TUCUMAN – BONOS DE CANCELACION DE DEUDAS LEY 5729 MODIFICADA POR LEY 5868 DECRETO N° 24/3 (SH) – 1991
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Comments

Argentine provinces issued their own quasi-currency during the hyperinflationary crisis of the late 1980s and early 1990s when the federal government could no longer guarantee liquidity to provincial payrolls. Tucumán's australes notes were emergency wage instruments — used to pay public employees when transfers from Buenos Aires dried up — and circulated locally at discounts against federal currency, with some merchants refusing them outright.

The austral itself was already a failed currency by 1990, replaced by the peso convertible in 1992. Provincial issues like this one expired with it.

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