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10 000 Pesos

Issuer Banco Nacional de Cuba
Year 1950
Type Standard circulation banknote
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Obverse description Central oval vignette carries a portrait of independence hero Ignacio Agramonte, his name inscribed below in capitals; the Cuban coat of arms appears to the left as an underprint anchor. The issuer title "BANCO NACIONAL DE CUBA" runs along the top border, with face value expressed both in words on the left and in numerals on the right. The note is printed in black and olive green with serial numbers rendered in red.
Obverse lettering BANCO NACIONAL DE CUBA BANCO NACIONAL DE CUBA (in coat of arms) DIEZ MIL 10.000 PESOS IGNACIO AGRAMONTE GARANTIZADO INTEGRAMENTE CON EL ORO, CAMBIO EXTRANJERO CONVERTIBLE EN ORO Y TODOS LOS DEMÁS ACTIVOS DEL BANCO NACIONAL DE CUBA. ESTE BILLETE CONSTITUYE UNA OBLIGACIÓN DEL ESTADO CUBANO.
(Translation: National Bank of Cuba National Bank of Cuba (in coat of arms) Ten thousand 10,000 Pesos Ignacio Agramonte Fully Guaranteed with the gold, foreign exchange. Convertible into gold and all the other assets of the National Bank of Cuba This note constitutes an obligation of the Cuban State.)
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Comments

The Banco Nacional de Cuba was itself only established in 1948, replacing the old system under which Cuba had no true central bank — commercial banks, largely American-owned, had handled currency functions for decades. This 10,000 Peso note belongs to the very first sovereign series issued under that newly created institution, making it an artifact of a deliberate and politically loaded act of financial independence from Washington-aligned banking structures.

At that denomination, circulation was always limited to high-value commercial transactions. Surviving examples in any condition are genuinely scarce. ABNC's engraved intaglio work on Cuban issues of this period is among the finest the company produced for Latin American clients.

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