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10 Gulden
| Issuer | De Javasche Bank |
|---|---|
| Year | 1933 |
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| Currency | Gulden (1602-1949) |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | DE JAVASCHE BANK BETAALT AAN TOONDER TIEN GULDEN SECRETARIS PRESIDENT REPUBLIK MALUKU SELATAN R.M.S. |
| Reverse description | The reverse is printed in rose-red and grey on white cotton paper, dominated by elaborate guilloche rosette panels at left and right. The central panel carries the bank name 'DE JAVASCHE BANK' at the top and contains the note's text rendered in five parallel columns in five scripts: Dutch, Javanese, Chinese, Arabic, and Malay, presenting the legal tender declaration in each language of the Netherlands East Indies. |
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| Comments |
De Javasche Bank occupied an unusual position: a privately chartered Dutch colonial bank with the right of note issue in the Netherlands Indies, functioning as a de facto central bank while remaining answerable to shareholders in the Netherlands. By 1933 the Indies were grinding through the effects of the Great Depression, with commodity prices — sugar, rubber, tobacco — having collapsed catastrophically and the colonial government clinging stubbornly to the gold standard until it was finally abandoned in 1936.
Joh. Enschedé in Haarlem had printed for De Javasche Bank for decades, and their engraving and typographic standards show in the series. The firm's long relationship with colonial currency work across the Dutch empire gave them specific expertise in producing notes intended to survive tropical humidity — a genuine physical challenge for cotton-composition issues circulating in the archipelago.