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10 Pesos

Issuer Philippine National Bank, Cebu Currency Committee
Year 1941
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Value 10 Pesos
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Obverse description Printed in black on a yellow guilloche underprint, the obverse carries the denomination TEN PESOS in a central ornate cartouche flanked by decorative scrollwork, with the promise-to-pay clause in italic script above. The Philippine National Bank circular seal appears at right, while a round authorization vignette at left bears the issuance authority of the Cebu Currency Committee by order of the President of the Philippines dated December 29, 1941. Three manuscript signatures are placed at lower centre, attributed to the Fiscal and Auditor of the Province of Cebu as Members and the Acting Manager of PNB Cebu as Chairman, with their respective titles set in letterpress below.
Obverse lettering TEN PESOS PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK EMERGENCY CIRCULATING NOTE OF 1941 The Philippine National Bank Will Pay The Bearer On Demand TEN PESOS IN LAWFUL PHILIPPINE CURRENCY ISSUED BY THE CEBU CURRENCY COMMITTEE BY AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES OF DECEMBER 29 1941 Fiscal, Province of Cebu, Member Actg. Manager, P.N.B. Cebu, Chairman Auditor, Province of Cebu, Member TEN PESOS
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Comments

The Cebu Currency Committee notes were emergency issues produced in late 1941 as Japanese forces advanced through the Philippine archipelago. The Philippine National Bank's Manila operations were already compromised, and regional authorities in Cebu scrambled to maintain a functioning currency supply for Visayas commerce. These were not Manila-sanctioned central bank notes in the conventional sense — they were locally authorized stopgap instruments, printed under wartime duress with whatever materials were on hand.

The watermark is present but its quality is inconsistent across surviving examples, a predictable result of emergency production conditions rather than deliberate variation. Cebu itself fell to Japanese forces in April 1942, cutting short whatever circulation life these notes had.

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