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2 Scudos "Doppia" - Francesco d'Este
| Issuer | Marquisate of Massa Lombarda (Italian States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1544-1578 |
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| Composition | Gold |
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|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | FRANC ESTNS MARCH MASSAE |
| Reverse description | Two identical domed circular temples (rotundas) depicted in three-quarter perspective, facing one another symmetrically in the central field, each with a columned portico, a stepped base, and a small finial or statue surmounting the dome. A beaded inner border frames the upper portion of the design. The motto PARI ANIMO is inscribed in capital letters along the lower exergue, referencing equanimity of spirit. The architectural motif, inspired by classical Roman tholos temples, is a distinctive Este dynastic emblem rendered with fine engraving skill. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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