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20 Centavos
| Issuer | Banco Mauá y Ca., Rosario |
|---|---|
| Year | 1864 |
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| Composition | Paper |
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| Obverse description | Horizontal note with an ornate engraved border of interlocking guilloche and scrollwork running on all four sides, with the word CENTAVOS repeated vertically along the left and right margins and BANCO MAUA & Ca. printed vertically on the far left edge. The issuer's name BANCO MAUA & Ca. appears in bold letterpress across the upper portion, flanked by the denomination numeral 20 within an oval vignette at centre. Below, the legend VALE POR and CENTAVOS DE PESO FUERTE frame the central numeral, with a handwritten promise-to-pay text in Spanish, the place of issue Rosario de Santa Fe, and a manuscript date of 5 de Noviembre de 1864 in the lower portion, accompanied by two manuscript signatures. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | No second image provided; the reverse design of this note is not confirmed from available catalog sources. |
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| Comments |
Banco Mauá y Ca. was the Argentine branch of the financial empire built by Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, the Brazilian Baron of Mauá — one of the most aggressive private banking expansions in nineteenth-century South America. The Rosario branch operated during a period when provincial and private banks routinely issued their own paper, years before any centralized Argentine monetary authority existed to regulate or suppress the practice.
The PS prefix in the Pick reference confirms private issue status. At 20 centavos, this is a fractional denomination — small change in paper form, the kind of note that circulated hard and survived poorly.