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20 Gulden Queen Emma
| Issuer | De Nederlandsche Bank |
|---|---|
| Year | 1939-1941 |
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| Printer | Royal Joh. Enschedé (Koninklijke Joh. Enschedé, Johan Enschede en Zonen), Haarlem, Netherlands (1703-date) |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | 20 - DE NEDERLANDSCHE BANK - 20 BETAALT AAN TOONDER TWINTIG GULDEN DE SECRETARIS - DE PRESIDENT TWINTIG 20 - DNB (Translation: 20 - Bank of the Netherlands - 20 Pay to the Bearer Twenty Gulden The Secretary - The President Twenty 20 - DNB) |
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| Reverse lettering | DE NEDERLANDSCHE BANK 20 AMSTERDAM 19 MAART 1941 TWINTIG HIJ DIE MUNTSPECIËN OF MUNT OF BANKBILJETTEN NAMAAKT OF VERVALST, MET HET OOGMERK OM DIE MUNTSPECIËN OF MUNT OF BANKBILJETTEN ALS ECHT EN ONVERVALST UIT TE GEVEN OF TE DOEN UITGEVEN, WORDT GESTRAFT MET GEVANGENISSTRAF VAN TEN HOOGSTE NEGEN JAREN. WETBOEK VAN STRAFRECHT ARTIKEL 208. (Translation: Bank of the Netherlands 20 Amsterdam March 19, 1941 Twenty He who counterfeits or falsifies coins or coin - or banknotes for the purpose of issuing or having those coins or coin - or banknotes issued as genuine and unadulterated is punishable by imprisonment of up to Nine Years. Criminal Code Article 208.) |
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| Comments |
Enschedé had been printing for De Nederlandsche Bank since the nineteenth century, and this note shows that relationship at its most assured — a domestic commission executed entirely in Haarlem without recourse to foreign security printers, which was still not universal practice among smaller European central banks of the period.
The timing matters. Notes dated within this range were issued across the German occupation of the Netherlands beginning May 1940, meaning a significant portion of the print run circulated under Nazi administration. De Nederlandsche Bank continued operating under occupation, a contested arrangement that kept the currency nominally stable but served German requisitioning as much as Dutch commerce.