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20 Korona
| Issuer | Hungarian State |
|---|---|
| Year | 1918 |
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| Currency | Crown (1919-1926) |
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| Obverse description | The obverse is the face of the Austro-Hungarian Bank 20 Korona note (Austria P-14, dated 2 January 1913) overprinted with a large red circular handstamp reading 'MAGYARORSZÁG' (Hungary), applied by Hungarian authorities during the post-WWI currency separation. The underlying design retains the central guilloche medallion bearing the numeral '20', a portrait vignette of a young woman at right within an ornate frame, and the original Hungarian-language text 'HÚSZ KORONA' with the Austro-Hungarian Bank title. Two manuscript signatures appear at lower left with the designations 'KORMÁNYZÓ' and 'FŐTANÁCSOS / VEZÉRIGAZGATÓ'. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse retains the original Austro-Hungarian Bank design, printed in blue, with a large portrait vignette of a young woman at left within an elaborate guilloche border, and the denomination numeral '20' in the upper corners. To the right, the Austro-Hungarian imperial double-headed eagle arms appear above the multilingual text block, with the main title 'ZWANZIG KRONEN' in bold letterpress. The date 'WIEN 2. JÄNNER 1913' and the issuing authority 'OESTERREICHISCH-UNGARISCHE BANK' are inscribed, followed by the denomination rendered in multiple languages including Czech, Polish, Ukrainian, Croatian, Romanian, and Italian. |
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| Comments |
Hungary's wartime finances had been straining under the joint Austro-Hungarian apparatus for years, and by 1918 the state was issuing notes under its own name rather than through the k.k. Privilegierte Österreichische Nationalbank — a shift that reflected the accelerating political disintegration of the Dual Monarchy as much as any fiscal logic. P#21 belongs to the final phase of that imperial currency framework, printed in the last year of the war before the collapse of November 1918 rendered the entire series politically obsolete almost immediately upon issue.
Overstamping by successor states complicates the collecting picture significantly. Romanian, Czechoslovak, and Yugoslav authorities all applied control stamps to circulating Korona notes in their newly acquired territories, and unstamped examples of this type were frequently invalidated without compensation.