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2000 Réis - Pedro II Rio de Janeiro Mint
| Issuer | Casa da Moeda do Brasil |
|---|---|
| Year | 1703 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Central field bears the crowned Portuguese royal arms: a quartered shield displaying five escutcheons in saltire (each charged with five bezants representing the quinas) and a bordure of seven castles, surmounted by an ornate royal crown. The denomination '2000' appears vertically to the left of the shield. The circular legend reads PETRVS·II·D·G·PORT·ET·ALG·REX, separated by small quatrefoil stops, running around the entire periphery within a beaded border. The design is executed in bold relief characteristic of early eighteenth-century Portuguese colonial milled coinage. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central device features the Cross of the Order of Christ, boldly rendered in high relief with flared terminals, dividing the field into four quarters each containing the letter 'R' (for Rio de Janeiro mint mark), the lower two letters appearing inverted in the die-cut style of the period. The date 1703 is placed at the top of the field above the cross, flanked by small star stops. The circular legend IN HOC SIGNO VINCES encircles the design within a beaded border, separated by quatrefoil stops. |
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| Additional information |
The 2000 réis gold denomination was introduced under Portuguese colonial monetary reform as Brazil's gold deposits — particularly from Minas Gerais, where the great gold rush had begun in the late 1690s — made a coherent coinage policy urgent. The Rio de Janeiro mint itself only opened in 1703, making this among its earliest productions.
Pedro II here refers to Dom Pedro II of Portugal, not the Brazilian emperor of the 19th century — a distinction that trips up collectors unfamiliar with the colonial series.