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5 Pesos
| Issuer | Philippine National Bank, Bacolod Branch (Negros Occidental) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1941 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Printed on plain paper with an ornate border, the obverse bears the heading 'PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK / EMERGENCY CIRCULATING NOTE OF 1941' at the top, with 'SERIES OF 1941' to the right. The central text reads 'THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK WILL PAY THE BEARER ON DEMAND' above the large bold denomination 'FIVE PESOS' in intaglio-style letterpress, flanked by a large roman numeral 'V' at left and numeral '5' corner devices. Below the denomination appear the legend 'IN LAWFUL CURRENCY OF THE PHILIPPINES' and the authority clause referencing the President of the Philippines decrees of December 29 and 30, 1941, with the 'NEGROS OCCIDENTAL CURRENCY COMMITTEE' overprint and three manuscript signature lines for the Provincial Fiscal Member, Acting Manager P.N.B. Bacolod Branch Chairman, and Acting Provincial Auditor Member, alongside a serial number and an oval branch stamp. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse is printed on plain paper with a continuous ornamental outer border and a lightly textured underprint filling the field. At the upper centre, 'FIVE PESOS' appears in large bold serif letters, flanked by roman numeral 'V' devices in the upper corners and numeral '5' in the lower corners. Below the denomination the issuer name 'PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK' is set in bold capitals, followed by 'EMERGENCY CIRCULATING NOTE' in a smaller face, with the authority clause 'Issued under the authority of the President of the Philippines of December 29 and 30, 1941.' centred in italic script in the lower portion of the note. |
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| Comments |
Philippine National Bank's Bacolod Branch issued this note under wartime emergency conditions following the Japanese invasion, when regular currency supply from Manila was severed. Negros Occidental's sugar economy — the wealthiest provincial economy in the archipelago at the time — made maintaining some functional currency supply a genuine operational priority, not a bureaucratic formality.
The S617 series is among several provincial emergency issues catalogued under the Philippine guerrilla and civil authority notes of 1941–42. Survival rates vary sharply by branch; the Bacolod issues are considerably scarcer than contemporaneous Iloilo or Cebu branch notes, likely because Negros fell under Japanese occupation relatively quickly and redemption opportunities were limited.