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5 Pesos El Estado de Chihuahua
| Issuer | State of Chihuahua |
|---|---|
| Year | 1914 |
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| Printer | Maverick-Clarke Litho Company, San Antonio, United States (1874)Norris Peters Co., Washington, United States |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | EL ESTADO DE CHIHUAHUA PAGARA AL PORTADOR EN EFECTIVO CINCO PESOS, CONFORME AL DECRETO MILITAR DE FECHA 10 DE FEBRERO DE 1914 CHIHUAHUA, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO. CINCO PESOS (Translation: The State of Chihuahua will pay to the bearer in cash Five Pesos according to the military decree dated 10 February 1914) |
| Reverse description | Printed predominantly in red, the reverse presents a central vignette of the Government Palace of Chihuahua city in exterior view, flanked on each side by a rampant griffon. Control numbers and letters appear in black, along with a black official seal. The composition is austere and heraldic in character, consistent with emergency military issue printing of the revolutionary period. |
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| Comments |
Chihuahua's revolutionary government issued an enormous volume of paper money during 1913–1914 to fund Pancho Villa's División del Norte, and this note is part of that flood. The state effectively operated as an independent financial entity during this period, with Governor Manuel Chao and later Villa himself controlling the presses. Two printers contributed to the series — Maverick-Clarke in San Antonio and Norris Peters in Washington — and distinguishing their outputs requires close examination of the lithographic quality and plate details.
Counterfeiting of Chihuahua revolutionary notes was rampant, complicating acceptance even within Mexico. Villa eventually backed his currency with cattle confiscated from haciendas.