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| Issuer | Banque de l'Indochine |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942-1945 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Central vignette of an ornate laurel and oak wreath encircling the numeral '5' and the denomination inscription 'CINQ PIASTRES' on a decorative panel, set against a fine guilloche underprint in green. The numeral '5' appears in corner cartouches alongside Chinese characters at upper right and Khmer script at left. A legal warning cartouche in French is printed at the lower centre, with signature lines for L'Inspecteur Général and Le Directeur de la Succursale de Saïgon flanking the central vignette. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | A finely engraved intaglio vignette of a traditional Vietnamese pavilion set at the water's edge, surrounded by trees under a clouded sky, occupying the full central field of the note. The serial number appears at upper centre, with corner numeral '5' medallions repeated on all four sides. The lower border carries a band of Chinese characters identifying the issuing bank. |
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| Comments |
Banque de l'Indochine's wartime printing operation in Hanoi was a direct consequence of the Japanese occupation severing normal supply lines to metropolitan France. The Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, already established as a commercial and government printer in the city, was pressed into currency production under conditions of severe material shortages — visible in the thinner, less consistent paper stock that characterizes notes from this period.
Phạm Ngọc Khuê's involvement as designer is notable: a Vietnamese artist working under French colonial authority, producing currency for a bank effectively operating under Japanese military oversight. The political layering behind a single note's production is rarely this compressed.