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50 Centavos

Issuer Provincial Board of Mountain Province
Year 1942
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Currency Peso (1941-1945)
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Obverse description The note is printed in black on white paper with an ornate engraved border composed of lace-like guilloche and floral cornerpiece motifs. The title 'Mountain Province Emergency Note' is set in Gothic blackletter script across the upper portion, flanked by the denomination 'P.50' at each corner. The central text certifies deposit with the Philippine National Bank, with the denomination 'FIFTY CENTAVOS' in large display type; four manuscript signatures in blue ink appear below, attributed to the Provincial Governor, Provincial Treasurer, Provincial Auditor, and Assistant Provincial Treasurer, with a blue oval official seal overlaid at centre.
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Reverse description The reverse is printed in black letterpress on white paper, enclosed within a simple ornamental border of repeating scroll and foliate devices. The denomination 'FIFTY CENTAVOS' appears in large capitals at the top and bottom, with 'P.50p' repeated in all four corners. The left column carries the authority text citing Provincial Board Resolution No. 5, S. 1942, while the right column states the validity conditions; a typeset serial number is applied by handstamp at centre, above the bold inscription 'MOUNTAIN PROVINCE EMERGENCY NOTE'. Show-through of the obverse signatures and seal is visible.
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Comments

Mountain Province was one of several Philippine civil administrations that issued emergency guerrilla currency during the Japanese occupation, operating outside Japanese-controlled banking entirely. The Provincial Board had almost no printing resources — these notes were produced under improvised conditions, and the paper stock varied considerably across batches depending on what was available locally in the Cordillera region.

Survival rates are uneven. Many were deliberately destroyed by holders fearing Japanese reprisals if found in possession of resistance-affiliated scrip.

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