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50 Dollars Silver Certificate of Deposit
| Issuer | Republic of Hawaii, Department of Finance |
|---|---|
| Year | 1895 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Reverse description | Printed entirely in dark blue intaglio, the reverse presents a large central medallion bearing the coat of arms of the Republic of Hawaii, encircled by the legends "HAWAIIAN TREASURY" and "REPUBLIC OF HAWAII" and the Roman date "MDCCCXCIV". Two large guilloche rosettes incorporating the numeral "50" flank the central medallion symmetrically, and the Hawaiian motto "UA MAU KE EA O KA AINA I KA PONO" appears on the central seal. An elaborate lathe-work border frames the entire composition, with "CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT" inscribed in a panel at the base. |
| Reverse lettering | HAWAIIAN TREASURY REPUBLIC OF HAWAII MDCCCXCIV UA MAU KE EA O KA AINA I KA PONO CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT |
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| Comments |
Hawaii's Silver Certificates of Deposit were instruments with a specific legal function: they represented actual silver coin held on deposit with the Department of Finance, redeemable on demand. The 1895 series was issued under Sanford Dole's provisional republic government, just two years after the 1893 overthrow of Queen Lili'uokalani — a government still unrecognized by significant portions of the Hawaiian population and operating under contested legitimacy.
American Bank Note Company produced the series in New York, as they had for the Kingdom of Hawaii before the coup. The higher denominations like this $50 note circulated almost exclusively in commercial transactions; retail use was negligible. Surviving examples are scarce — annexation by the United States in 1898 triggered redemption and destruction of most remaining stock.