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Denga - Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy

Issuer Moscow, Grand principality of
Year 1375-1389
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description Facing double-headed Janus figure depicted in a highly stylized, primitive manner typical of early Muscovite coinage. The two faces are rendered schematically with circular eyes and a shared crowned or helmeted head, occupying the central field. Partial Cyrillic legend visible along the right periphery of the flan. The striking is characteristic of hammered silver wire-cut technique, resulting in an irregular, slightly off-center flan.
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Reverse description Pseudo-Arabic tamgha or monogram occupying the central field, imitating the design of Golden Horde dangs, rendered in a highly stylized and largely illegible cursive form. The design consists of an interlaced geometric ornament within a square frame with extended finials, a common feature of Muscovite imitative coinage produced during the period of Tatar suzerainty. Dotted border elements are visible along the periphery of the irregular flan. The imitative nature of the legend reflects the political and commercial context of the late 14th-century Moscow principality.
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Dmitry Donskoy's dengas occupy a pivotal moment in Muscovite monetary history: these are among the first coins struck by the Grand Principality of Moscow, issued after Dmitry's decisive victory over the Golden Horde at the Battle of Kulikovo in 1380. Before this, Moscow had functioned largely within a tribute economy dominated by Tatar overlords. The decision to mint was itself a political act.

Many early Moscow dengas of this period carried Tatar tamgas alongside Cyrillic inscriptions — a transitional hedging that reflected the Horde's lingering administrative grip even as its military dominance crumbled.

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