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Denier - Boleslaus I the Brave unknown mint
| Issuer | Kingdom of Poland |
|---|---|
| Year | 1000-1025 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Denier (992-1306) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central field features a bold cross pattée set within a raised inner circle, with a pellet at the centre of the cross. The arms of the cross extend toward the inner ring, creating four quadrants each containing a small pellet or ornamental device. Fragmentary Latin lettering appears in the outer field surrounding the inner circle, though much of the legend is poorly struck and largely illegible due to the irregular flan and die wear characteristic of early Polish hammered coinage. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Boleslaus I secured a remarkable diplomatic coup at the Congress of Gniezno in 1000 AD, when Holy Roman Emperor Otto III made a pilgrimage to the tomb of Saint Adalbert and effectively recognized Polish ecclesiastical independence. The right to strike coinage — among the most visible assertions of sovereign authority in medieval Europe — followed from precisely this kind of political legitimacy. These earliest Polish deniers were produced within that charged political moment.
The unknown mint attribution reflects a genuine scholarly problem: Poland lacked a centralized mint infrastructure in this period, and die analysis has not conclusively resolved where striking occurred.