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Denier - Coloman
| Issuer | Kingdom of Hungary |
|---|---|
| Year | 1095-1116 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | +CALMANRE (Translation: King Kálmán) |
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| Mintage | ND (1095-1116) - - ND (1095-1116) - obv.: +CALMAИRE - ND (1095-1116) - obv.: reverse V instead of A - ND (1095-1116) - rev.: lying letter S - ND (1095-1116) - rev.:LADILAVSRE - ND (1095-1116) - rev.:LADISCLAVSRE - ND (1095-1116) - rev.:LADISLAVSREX - ND (1095-1116) - rev.:LAILAVSRE - |
| Additional information |
Coloman — known in Hungarian as Könyves Kálmán, "the Book-lover" — was an anomaly among medieval European rulers: a cleric-turned-king who reportedly read Latin fluently and abolished witch trials on the pragmatic grounds that witches do not exist. His reign coincided with the First Crusade, and he twice negotiated passage of crusading armies through Hungary, extracting hostages as security against pillage. The kingdom's coinage under him reflects a period of genuine administrative consolidation rather than mere dynastic continuity.
The multiple reference numbers attached to this type — ÉH, H, CNH, CAC, EK — point to longstanding disagreements among specialists over die groupings and chronological sequencing within Coloman's issues.