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Denier - Gregory IV and emperor Lothair I
| Issuer | Papal States |
|---|---|
| Year | 840-844 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Within a beaded inner circle, the papal legend is arranged in three horizontal lines separated by plain bars, evoking a tablet or tabula ansata composition. The abbreviated name and title of Pope Gregory IV appear alongside the invocation of Saint Peter, patron of the Roman see. A circular Latin legend runs around the periphery between the beaded circle and the outer border. The hammered flan is irregular in outline, typical of Carolingian-era ecclesiastical coinage struck at Rome. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Gregory IV died in January 840, and the joint coinage with Lothair I places this issue within the turbulent years immediately following the death of Louis the Pious — a period in which the Carolingian empire fractured among warring sons. Gregory had actively intervened in that conflict, crossing the Alps in 833 to mediate, though his efforts achieved little beyond a brief and humiliating capitulation at the so-called "Field of Lies" near Colmar. The papal-imperial joint denier was itself a political instrument, advertising an alliance that was never as stable as the coin implies.