Denier - Ladislaus I Herman Wrocław mint

Ladislaus I Herman ruled as duke rather than king — Poland's royal title had lapsed after Bolesław II was forced into exile in 1079 following the murder of Bishop Stanisław of Kraków, a political crisis that left the kingdom without a crown for over a century. These deniers were struck under that shadow, at Wrocław, the principal center of Silesia and one of the few mints capable of sustained production during Herman's cautious, faction-ridden reign. His dependence on the palatine Sieciech, who effectively controlled the court for much of this period, makes precise attribution of mint activity to specific years nearly impossible.