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Dirham - Abd al-Malik Tukharistan
| Issuer | Umayyad Caliphate |
|---|---|
| Year | 699 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | The obverse presents a purely epigraphic design typical of early Umayyad monetary reform coinage, entirely devoid of figural imagery. The central field contains four lines of bold Kufic Arabic script arranged horizontally, carrying the Shahada and mint declaration. A circular inner legend band encircles the central inscription, itself bounded by a beaded or dotted border and a further plain linear border. The coin is struck on an irregular flan with a notable chip at the lower margin, consistent with the hand-struck production methods of the period. The overall style reflects the aniconic reformed dirham standard introduced under Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic (Kufic) |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | The reverse is likewise entirely epigraphic, displaying four lines of Kufic Arabic script in the central field, containing the Quranic verse Surah Al-Ikhlas (112) and the Risala formula attesting to the Prophethood of Muhammad. A circular marginal legend band surrounds the central inscription, enclosed between a beaded border and an outer plain linear ring. The flan is irregularly shaped and shows a chip at the lower right, consistent with the coin's hammered manufacture. The bold, angular Kufic letterforms are characteristic of the Umayyad reformed coinage of the late 1st century AH. The flat, aniconic design adheres strictly to the epigraphic dirham standard established by Abd al-Malik's monetary reform of AH 79. |
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