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Pitis Unta - Sultan Al Adil Malik Al Dzahir

Issuer Brunei
Year 1700-1868
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Composition Tin
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Obverse description A camel passant facing left occupies the central field, surrounded by floral scroll ornaments above and below the figure. The entire design is enclosed within a beaded border. The rendering is characteristic of traditional Bruneian tin casting, with the camel motif serving as a distinctive identifier of this pitis type.
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Reverse description The central field features a four-petalled flower set within an interlocking four-cloud cartouche, a design element common to Southeast Asian Islamic coinage. The Arabic honorific legend of the sultan's title is arranged within the cloud-scroll border, rendered in a stylized script typical of Bruneian cast tin coinage of the 18th and 19th centuries.
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Brunei's tin pitis circulated through a sultanate economy built largely on pepper and sago trade, where small-denomination coinage functioned primarily in local bazaar transactions rather than in the large-scale entrepôt commerce that dominated the coast. The title Al Adil Malik Al Dzahir — the Just, the Sovereign, the Manifest — was an honorific applied across multiple sultans during this span, which is precisely why Singh's attribution runs across nearly two centuries without anchoring to a single reign.

Tin was the practical choice for low-value issues; Brunei had no significant silver supply of its own. The casting quality on these pieces varies considerably across the type's long production run.

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