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National Bond - 500 Dollars

Issuer Fenian Brotherhood (Republic of Ireland)
Year 1866-1867
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In circulation to Yes
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Obverse description Green and black intaglio print with an elaborate guilloche border. A central vignette of an eagle perched on a rock flanked by scrollwork occupies the upper centre, with oval portrait medallions of two military figures in the lower corners. Denomination counters of 500 appear in guilloche ovals at left and right, with a circular green underprint rosette at centre.
Obverse lettering THIS National Bond OF THE Republic of Ireland
CERTIFIES THAT THE REPUBLIC
in the sum of Five Hundred Dollars
Register No.
Register
Agent of the Republic
CONTINENTAL BANK NOTE CO NEW YORK
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Comments

The Fenian Brotherhood's bond issue of 1866–67 was a fundraising instrument aimed at Irish-American communities still radicalized by the Famine diaspora and emboldened by the end of the Civil War — a moment when tens of thousands of battle-hardened Irish veterans were suddenly available and sympathetic. The bonds were sold on the promise of an independent Irish republic, redeemable once that republic was established. It never was.

Continental Bank Note Company, then operating out of New York, produced the printing. The bonds were never honored, rendering them obligations of a government that existed only on paper — which is precisely why collectors treat them as political documents rather than financial instruments.

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