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Pul 'Solar symbol' temp. Toqta Qrim mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1309 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Pul (1⁄16) |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
| Orientation | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
| Mint | Qrim |
| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
Toqta's reign marked a decisive reassertion of Mongol authority in the western steppe after years of internal fracture, including his crushing defeat of the powerful Nogai Khan around 1299. Small copper puls like this one were workhorses of local bazaar trade — the denomination the Silk Road's street-level commerce actually ran on, while silver dirhams handled larger transactions. The Qrim mint was among the most active in the western Horde.
The solar symbol type has attracted attention for its possible continuity with pre-Islamic Mongol iconographic traditions persisting well into a period when the Horde's ruling class had largely converted.