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Sceat Series E, variety D
| Issuer | Frisia |
|---|---|
| Year | 695-740 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Highly stylized and degenerate bust facing right, rendered in a boldly abstract early medieval style. The head is formed by a sweeping curved line with radiating parallel strokes to the left representing hair or drapery, each stroke accented with a pellet. Four pellets (•IIII) appear below the bust in the lower field. The design reflects the progressive debasement of classical portraiture characteristic of Frisian sceattas of Series E. |
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| Reverse lettering | (uninscribed) |
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| Additional information |
Series E is the most prolific of all sceat issues, with specimens found across a broad arc from the Thames estuary to the Rhine delta — a distribution that maps directly onto the Frisian-dominated trading network of the late 7th and early 8th centuries. The port of Dorestad, near modern Wijk bij Duurstede, was almost certainly the production center, though no mint infrastructure has been archaeologically confirmed. Variety D is distinguished within the series by specific pellet arrangements that Metcalf used to subdivide what earlier scholars had lumped together as a single undifferentiated type.