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½ Thaler - Francesco d'Este
| Issuer | Marquisate of Massa Lombarda (Italian States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1550-1578 |
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| Shape | Round |
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| Obverse description | Bearded bust of Francesco d'Este facing right, depicted in three-quarter armor with a ruffled collar, rendered in high relief in the Renaissance hammered style. The portrait is boldly modeled, displaying naturalistic detail in the beard and hair. A circular legend in Latin surrounds the effigy, separated by small rosette ornaments. The inscription reads FRANCISCVS ESTENSIS, identifying the marquis by name and dynastic affiliation. The field is flat and unadorned, the legend contained within a beaded or plain inner border. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | Central oval cartouche bearing the Este eagle displayed, wings spread, standing with talons upon a mound, rendered in fine engraved detail typical of Renaissance Italian coinage. The cartouche is surmounted by a marquis's coronet and flanked by decorative scrollwork. The surrounding Latin legend abbreviates the title of the Marquis of Massa Lombarda. A beaded outer border frames the entire design. The composition is heraldic in character, referencing the Este dynastic arms. |
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