1 Doppia - Honoré II

Honoré II secured the title of Prince from Louis XIII in 1612 — the first ruler of Monaco to hold that rank — after decades of Spanish overlordship that had shaped the principality's political alignment since 1524. The switch to French protection, formalized in the Treaty of Péronne in 1641, is what made this coinage possible: French acknowledgment of Monegasque sovereignty permitted Honoré to strike gold in his own name with a fineness rivaling Paris mint output.

The doppia denomination itself is Italian in origin, reflecting Monaco's geographic and cultural position on the Ligurian coast far more than its new French political orbit.