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| 正面描述 | Cast tin uniface piece bearing a three-line Arabic legend centrally positioned within the field. The inscription reads 'خلفه سلطان شاه' (Khalifah Sultan Shah), rendered in a somewhat irregular Jawi-influenced Arabic script characteristic of Malay Peninsula tin coinage of the late eighteenth to early nineteenth century. The surfaces display the typical porous, granular texture inherent to cast tin production, with no border or decorative framing elements surrounding the legend. The overall fabric is crude but legible, consistent with provincial Johor mint practice of the period. |
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| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | Reverse is uniface and entirely blank, presenting a flat, unadorned field with the characteristic porous surface texture typical of cast tin coinage. No legend, device, ornament, or border of any kind is present, consistent with the uniface nature of this issue. |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Tin coinage from the Johor Sultanate occupies an awkward corner of numismatic history — produced in a polity whose political coherence was repeatedly shattered by Portuguese, then Dutch, then Bugis interference between the 16th and 18th centuries. The uniface striking is not a design choice but a functional one, common to Malay tin coinage where the soft metal and crude casting methods made consistent double-sided impressions impractical. Singh's catalog remains the primary reference for this series, and attribution within it is often tentative given how little documentary evidence survives from Johor's mints.