1 Keping Cockerel facing right, Ugi

The Bugis kepings circulating in the Riau-Lingga archipelago during the 1830s occupied a monetary vacuum left by inconsistent Dutch colonial supply. Private tin and copper pieces — technically tokens rather than regal issues — filled everyday petty transactions that neither the VOC's successors nor the local sultanate could adequately service in small denominations. Singh catalogues several cockerel variants from this period, and the die distinctions between them remain a point of active collector debate.