1 Para - Mahmud II

正面描述	Crude hammered copper flan displaying Arabic inscription within a rectangular cartouche defined by two horizontal lines. The central field bears the word 'ضرب' (meaning 'struck') in bold Arabic script. Above the cartouche, a multi-pointed star or rosette ornament occupies the upper field, while a row of pellets or small dots runs along the left margin. The overall execution is characteristic of provincial Ottoman hammered coinage, with an irregular flan and uneven surfaces.
正面文字	登录以查看详情
正面铭文	ضرب (Translation: Struck)
背面描述	登录以查看详情
背面文字	登录以查看详情
背面铭文	登录以查看详情
边缘	登录以查看详情
铸币厂	登录以查看详情
铸造量	登录以查看详情
附加信息	Tripoli's copper coinage under Mahmud II was issued by the Karamanli dynasty, which had governed the regency in practical autonomy from Istanbul since 1711 — paying nominal tribute while conducting independent foreign policy, including the 1801–1805 war with the United States over tribute payments to protect American merchant shipping. By 1808, the dynasty was entering its final turbulent decades; internal succession struggles would eventually prompt direct Ottoman reintervention in 1835, ending Karamanli rule entirely. Small copper pieces like this circulated at the lowest transactional level in a port economy heavily dependent on Mediterranean trade.

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