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1 Penning
| Issuer | Kingdom of Norway |
|---|---|
| Year | 1065-1080 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Crude facing bust of the king in the center of the field, rendered in the primitive Viking-Age die-cutting style characteristic of late 11th-century Norwegian coinage. The effigy displays a diademed or crowned head with schematic facial features, visible despite significant die wear and surface patination. Runic and Latin lettering surrounds the central device, partially legible around the periphery. The flan is irregular and slightly uneven, as expected of a hand-hammered medieval penning. The overall style reflects the influence of Anglo-Saxon coin types that served as models for early Norwegian royal coinage. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | A bold long cross with double lines divides the reverse field into four quadrants, a design type derived from contemporary Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Scandinavian penny prototypes. Runic letters are distributed in the four angles of the cross, forming a mint or moneyer inscription around the central device. The legend, reading in runic characters, identifies the die-cutter or stamp owner as Gunnar. The flan edges are irregular and slightly ragged, consistent with hand-cutting of the silver blank prior to striking. The cross motif served both a religious and a practical function, facilitating the quartering of the coin for small change. |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
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