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1 Peso
| Issuer | Provincial Board of Mountain Province |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Letterpress-printed in black on white paper, this emergency note is framed by a decorative fleur-de-lis border running along all four edges. The central text certifies deposit of equivalent value in the Philippine National Bank, payable to bearer on demand, with the denomination ONE PESO in large bold type at centre, flanked on either side by the serial number. Four manuscript signature lines below are assigned to the Provincial Governor, Provincial Treasurer, Provincial Auditor, and Assistant Provincial Treasurer, with a countersignature line at foot. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | ONE PESO THIS NOTE IS ISSUED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE PROVINCIAL BOARD OF THE MOUNTAIN PROVINCE DURING THIS EMERGENCY (Res. No. 5, S. 1942) AND IS ONLY GOOD AND NEGOTIABLE WITHIN SAID PROVINCE. NOT VALID UNLESS SIGNED BY THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNOR AND PROVINCIAL TREASURER AND COUNTERSIGNED BY THE PROVINCIAL AUDITOR AND SEALED WITH THE OFFICIAL SEAL OF THE MOUNTAIN PROVINCE. MOUNTAIN PROVINCE EMERGENCY NOTE ONE PESO |
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| Comments |
Mountain Province was one of several Philippine civil administrations that issued emergency guerrilla currency during the Japanese occupation — but this note occupies an unusual position. The Provincial Board issues were authorized by local officials attempting to maintain some continuity of civil governance and commerce in remote northern Luzon, far from Manila's collaborationist apparatus. These weren't guerrilla scrip in the strict military sense; they were civilian survival currency.
The 1942 date places this at the very beginning of occupation, when the Japanese military peso had not yet fully displaced existing transaction habits in the Cordillera region. Paper, printing resources, and authorization chains were all improvised under considerable pressure.