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| 正面描述 | Plain typeset design with a fine decorative border running the full perimeter. The circular seal of the Commonwealth of the Philippines is printed to the left. The denomination ONE PESO is set in large bold type at centre, with the series year 1943 and an alphanumeric serial number to the right. Text above reads TREASURY EMERGENCY CURRENCY CERTIFICATE / BY AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES, followed by a redemption clause. The issuing authority MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD appears below the denomination, with the names of the Chairman and Members printed at lower left alongside a manuscript signature. |
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| 背面描述 | Entirely typeset reverse with a fine dotted outer border and the denomination numeral 1 and word PESO repeated vertically along both side margins. The heading ONE PESO appears at top and bottom, with the issuing authority ISSUED BY THE MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD / PHILIPPINES centred below the upper heading. The body of the note carries a bilingual redemption pledge in English and Visayan, together with a counterfeiting warning also rendered in both languages. |
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The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several provincial and local bodies that issued guerrilla currency during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. These notes were produced under extraordinary conditions — scarce materials, clandestine printing, and the constant threat of discovery — and their legitimacy was backed not by a central bank but by the authority of resistance-aligned local officials. Mindanao, geographically isolated and heavily forested, sustained guerrilla activity longer than most occupied regions, which gave its emergency issues a longer practical lifespan than those from areas that fell more completely under Japanese control.
Three signatories appear on S505, which is unusual for emergency Philippine issues where a single authorizing signature was more common. Florentino Saguin's chairmanship has not been extensively documented outside numismatic sources.