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1 Pfennig J. Berner
| Uitgever | J. Berner, Fürth (Bavaria) |
|---|---|
| Jaar | |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Mark (1914-1924) |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Afmetingen | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Drukker | Log in om details te zien |
| Ontwerper(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Plain buff paper with a single circular violet rubber-stamp impression centrally placed. The stamp reads 'GUTSCHEIN' along the upper arc and 'J. BERNER' along the lower arc, enclosing the large numeral '1' alongside the Pfennig symbol (ℓ), with small star ornaments flanking the central value. |
|---|---|
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Fürth in Bayern |
| Handtekening(en) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beveiligingstype | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving beveiliging | Log in om details te zien |
| Varianten | Log in om details te zien |
| Opmerkingen |
Fürth was one of the most active centers of Kleingeldersatz — emergency small-change scrip — during the First World War period, when coin shortages forced thousands of German municipal and private issuers to produce their own fractional notes. J. Berner was a local commercial issuer, almost certainly a retailer or innkeeper redeeming the note against purchases rather than a formal financial institution. Private merchant scrip of this type circulated hyperlocally, often just within a single shop's customer base, which is precisely why so little of it survived.