1 Quadrans Augur / Sacrificial implements

Cast rather than struck, this heavy bronze piece belongs to the aes grave tradition that preceded Rome's consolidated monetary authority in central Italy. The Etruscan cities operating independent mints in this period were already in steep political decline — most had capitulated to Roman control within a generation of this coin's production, and their autonomous coinage issues ceased accordingly. Attribution to a specific Etruscan mint remains unresolved; the reference spread across ICC, HN Italy, and Catalli reflects genuine scholarly disagreement rather than cataloging inconsistency.