1 Uncia

The Umbrian aes grave series sits in one of the murkiest corners of early Italian numismatics — the issuing city for this type remains unresolved, with candidates including Tuder and Iguvium, neither attribution definitively proven. Production falls squarely within the Second Punic War's opening phase, when Rome's allied Italian communities were minting bronze on their own authority, some out of genuine monetary need, others possibly to meet Roman military requisitions for campaign logistics.

Cast rather than struck, as with all aes grave. The rough fabric and variable flan quality characteristic of the series makes weight the primary authenticity check.