1 Uncia Wheel / Wheel, six spokes

The wheel symbol on Etruscan bronze coinage of this period has never been fully explained — attribution to specific mints remains contested, and the issuing authority behind this series is genuinely unknown. What is clear is that the chronology places production during the Second Punic War, when Carthaginian forces were operating in northern Italy and Etruscan cities faced intense pressure to align politically with either Rome or Hannibal. Several Etruscan states hedged, some defected. Coinage of this region from these decades reflects fragmented authority rather than any unified monetary policy.