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10 Dollars 6% Obligation
| Issuer | Mongolian Government Treasury |
|---|---|
| Year | 1921 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Mongolian Dollar (1921-1925) |
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| Obverse description | Central vignette consists of a large circular guilloche ornament divided into four quadrants in blue, yellow, pink, and grey tones, set against a background of dense Mongolian script text printed in red. Serial numbers appear at upper left and upper right. Trilingual inscriptions in Mongolian traditional script, Russian Cyrillic, and English run along the lower portion, reading 'MONGOLIAN GOVERNMENT'S TREASURE / 6% PROVISIONARY OBLIGATION / 10 DOLLARS' and the Russian equivalent. A decorative border with ornamental corners frames the entire note. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠦᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠮᠣᠢ᠃ Payable to the bearer on demand in local currency on or after november 20-th 1921. Срокъ обмѣна на наличную валюту 20 ноября 1921 г. |
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| Comments |
Mongolia's 1921 independence government faced an immediate practical problem: it had no functioning monetary infrastructure and no established currency. These Treasury obligations were denominated in dollars rather than any Mongolian unit precisely because the dollar carried credibility that a new and internationally unrecognized administration could not manufacture on its own. The 6% interest-bearing structure reflects an attempt to make the notes attractive as instruments of debt rather than simple currency — closer to a war bond than a banknote.
The American Bank Note Company contract is the most telling detail here. Engaging a New York printer required hard-currency payment arranged at considerable remove, almost certainly facilitated through Chinese or Russian intermediary channels during an extraordinarily turbulent moment in Mongolian political history.