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10 Dollars 6% Obligation
| Issuer | Mongolian Government Treasury |
|---|---|
| Year | 1921 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 10 Dollars |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Central underprint vignette of a sheep grazing in a pastoral setting, rendered in pale intaglio tones. The background is filled with dense Mongolian traditional script text printed in red, covering the entirety of both left and right panels. A rectangular official stamp is applied at upper centre, and a decorative interlaced knot ornament appears at upper left. Trilingual redemption text in Mongolian script, English, and Russian Cyrillic is printed along the lower margin. |
| Reverse lettering | ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠦᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠮᠣᠢ᠃ Payable to the bearer on demand in local currency on or after november 20-th 1921. Срокъ обмѣна на наличную валюту 20 ноября 1921 г. |
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| Comments |
Mongolia's 1921 independence government faced an immediate practical problem: it had no functioning monetary infrastructure and no established currency. These Treasury obligations were denominated in dollars rather than any Mongolian unit precisely because the dollar carried credibility that a new and internationally unrecognized administration could not manufacture on its own. The 6% interest-bearing structure reflects an attempt to make the notes attractive as instruments of debt rather than simple currency — closer to a war bond than a banknote.
The American Bank Note Company contract is the most telling detail here. Engaging a New York printer required hard-currency payment arranged at considerable remove, almost certainly facilitated through Chinese or Russian intermediary channels during an extraordinarily turbulent moment in Mongolian political history.