10 Francs 'Moise Tshombé'

Katanga's secession from the newly independent Congo lasted from July 1960 to January 1963, and the Banque Nationale du Katanga issued this note to underpin Moïse Tshombé's breakaway state financially. The secession was backed by Belgian mining interests — primarily Union Minière du Haut-Katanga — giving the Katangese franc a degree of hard-currency credibility unusual for a territory that most of the world refused to recognize diplomatically.

The Waterlow & Sons printing date of 30 April 1945 reflects the use of pre-existing plate stock, a common wartime and postwar economy measure that Waterlow extended into the 1950s and 1960s for smaller-volume commissions. The note circulated for less than three years before the secession collapsed under UN military pressure.