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10 Rupiah
| Issuer | Bank Negara Indonesia, Propinsi Soematera |
|---|---|
| Year | 1947 |
| Type | Local banknote |
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| Obverse description | Portrait of President Achmed Soekarno in an oval guilloche vignette at left, wearing a peci cap, with a rural scene to the right showing farmers at work among palm trees. The denomination numeral '10' appears in a central guilloche roundel, flanked by additional corner numerals, with the legends 'REPOEBLIK INDONESIA' and 'PROPINSI SOEMATERA' across the upper portion. Three signature panels at the base carry the issuing authority text, date 'P. SIANTAR, 21 MAART 1947', and two manuscript signatures. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse is printed in dark blue on plain paper and composed entirely of geometric guilloche lacework forming a dense decorative border and inner frame. Two large concentric circular guilloche rosettes bearing the numeral '10' anchor the left and right sides, with a central rectangular panel containing a printed legal text warning against counterfeiting with reference to Presidential Ordinance No. 1 of 1946. |
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| Comments |
Bank Negara Indonesia's Sumatran branch issues occupy a strange corner of Indonesian revolutionary finance. During the independence struggle against the Dutch, the Republican government couldn't maintain centralized monetary control across the archipelago, so regional branches were authorized to issue their own currency. The Sumatran notes of 1947 circulated in genuinely contested territory — Dutch military actions (the first "Police Action" launched in July 1947) disrupted supply lines and made uniform currency distribution across the island practically impossible.
Survival rates for this series are uneven. Notes that circulated in interior regions away from Dutch-controlled coastal zones often suffered worse physical damage than those in urban areas, where hoarding began almost immediately once the military situation deteriorated.