5 Dinara

Croatia's first independent currency issues in 1991 came under extraordinary pressure — the country had declared independence in June, fighting with the Yugoslav People's Army had already begun by the time these notes entered circulation, and the Croatian dinar itself was essentially a transitional placeholder before the kuna system was established in 1994. Printing domestically at Zrinski in Čakovec was a deliberate assertion of sovereign capability, though the facility had no deep history of banknote production and the security infrastructure showed it — watermark-only protection was thin by any contemporary standard.