5 Pesos

The Junta de la Administración de la Casa de Moneda was Buenos Aires province's monetary authority during a period when Argentine national unification remained decades away — each province effectively ran its own currency. This 5 Pesos note dates to the height of the Rosas administration, issued while Juan Manuel de Rosas held his second governorship under the Federalist banner. Provincial paper money from this period circulated under conditions of chronic depreciation; the Buenos Aires peso had been inflating steadily since the 1820s banking experiments.

Printing in-house at the Casa de Moneda rather than contracting European firms was itself a political choice — a assertion of local institutional capacity. Survivors in any grade are genuinely uncommon.