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5 Pesos
| Issuer | Mindanao Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1944 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | FIVE PESOS Treasury Emergency Currency Certificate BY AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES This certifies that the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines will redeem this Certificate at face value upon termination of Emergency SERIES 1944 MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD F. D. PACANA Member FLORENTINO SAGIN Chairman BARBASA Member |
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| Signature(s) | F. D. Pacana and Florentino Sagin and Barbasa |
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| Comments |
The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several provincial currency authorities that issued guerrilla money during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. These notes were produced under active wartime conditions, with local officials authorizing emergency issues to keep civilian commerce functioning in areas where Japanese military scrip was either unavailable or actively refused by the population.
Pacana served as board chair; the three-signature requirement was a deliberate anti-counterfeiting measure — rudimentary, but practical under the circumstances. Japanese forces actively targeted guerrilla currency operations, making the printing and distribution of these notes a genuine security risk for everyone involved.
Mindanao issues are among the more frequently encountered Philippine guerrilla notes, though condition varies sharply given the difficult storage conditions of the period.