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50 Centavos
| Issuer | Mindanao Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1945 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 50 Centavos |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Size | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | The obverse is laid out as a treasury certificate, with a decorative guilloche border running along all four edges and the denomination '50' repeated in each corner. At the top, the text 'TREASURY EMERGENCY CURRENCY CERTIFICATE / BY AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES' is printed in bold letterpress. A circular Commonwealth of the Philippines seal vignette appears to the left, while the large-print denomination 'FIFTY CENTAVOS' with a handwritten serial number is centered below a redemption pledge clause. The issuer name 'MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD' appears in the lower central area, accompanied by printed member names and a manuscript signature. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Signature(s) | Florentino Saguin, F.D. Pacana and I. Barbasa |
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| Comments |
The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several guerrilla currency authorities operating in the southern Philippines during the Japanese occupation. These boards issued notes under the authority of the Philippine Commonwealth government-in-exile, providing a functional alternative to Japanese Military Pesos — which the local population actively resisted using where they could. Mindanao's geography, with its dispersed population and mountainous interior, made local emission both practical and politically necessary.
The three-signature format — Saguin, Pacana, and Barbasa — reflects the board structure rather than a banking hierarchy. Emergency issues from Mindanao are notably more susceptible to humidity damage than other Philippine guerrilla notes, given the printing conditions and local paper stock used.