Denier - Albert II Bust right

Albert II ruled Namur during a period when the county was consolidating its independence from broader Carolingian successor structures, and the decision to strike deniers under his own name reflected that political assertion. Minting rights in the lower Meuse valley were contested and fragmented across this period — local ecclesiastical and secular lords each pressed their claim through coinage.

The references here span Ilisch's rigorous die-study corpus, placing this type firmly within the documented sequence for the region.